Breast Biopsy

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Sometimes the radiology tests (mammogram, ultrasound) do not give sufficient information for evaluating the patient's situation and determining an the appropriate treatment option. In this case a breast biopsy test usually follows. Breast biopsy involves removing a sample of either cells or fluid from a breast lump, usually using a needle. The test is carried out in either the breast clinic or in the x-ray department. Breast biopsy is an out-patient procedure which means you can go home as soon as the test is completed. A local anaesthetic is used which will give you a stinging sensation, then the area will feel numb.

What happens when breast biopsy is performed?

The doctor will use a specially designed instrument, which includes a biopsy needle. Only the end of the needle is used. The doctor usually takes about three small samples form the same area. These small samples of tissue are sent to the laboratory for analysis under the microscope. Afterwards, a nurse or the doctor, will press quite firmly over the area, and a small dressing will be placed over it. The area may be a little sore when the local anaesthetic wears off. If so you can use your usual pain relief (e.g. paracetamol), in the recommended dose. You might get a bruise around the sample site which will disappear in a few days.

When will I get the results?

The laboratory tests usually take about a week, but they may sometimes take a little longer. The doctor will arrange to see you again to give you the results of the tests.

There are various techniques of biopsy:

• needle - the least invasive form of biopsy using a fine needle to remove a sample for investigation
• core - similar to the needle test above but uses a bigger needle 
• incisional - involves removing a small sample of tissue for examination
• excisional - the most invasive kind of biopsy, involves removing the entire lump