Infection & chemotherapy

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There are a vast array of microorganism which cause infection in humans. Most of the time we have adequate defenses against infection or if caught our immune system clears them up quickly. Unfortunately, following cancer and certainly during chemotherapy these defense systems can be impaired increasing the risks and consequences of infection.

Signs of infections:

• Shivering or shaking attacks of fever (flu like symptoms / chills).
• A raised temperature (>37⁰C)
• Feeling unwell
• Cough or sore throat
• Loose stools/diarrhea over 24 hours
• Changes in urination - going more frequently, burning passing water.
• Mouth ulcers or sores in the throat or around the rectum
• Unusual vaginal discharge or itching
• Redness, swelling, or sores on the skin

What can you do to prevent infection?:

• Wash your hands with soap and plenty of water.
• Avoid people with colds or the flu.
• Avoid large crowds to avoid coming into contact with sick people.
• Bathe daily and gently dry your skin.
• Use lotion to help prevent cracks in your skin.
• Prevent cuts or scrapes, which can provide places for infection to enter your body.
• Use a clean electric razor instead of a blade to prevent cuts.
• Handle sharp objects with caution.
• Wear protective gloves when appropriate, especially gardening
• If you get a cut or scrape, cover it with a clean bandage until it heals.
• Cook food thoroughly to kill infection-causing bacteria that may be in raw food

What should you do if you suspect an infection while on chemo:

A normal temperature is between 36^oC and 37.2^oC. If it is 38°C (100F) telephone the Hospital or cancer unit immediately and they will advise you. Do not take Paracetamol or Aspirin as this will bring your temperature down and mask the signs of infection.  This is most likely to happen in the middle week (7-14 days) between cycles. Do not take Paracetamol or Aspirin as this will bring your temperature down and mask the signs of infection.  This is most likely to happen in the middle week (7-14 days) between cycles

What can your doctor do to help protect you from infection:

Your doctor may wish to give you antibiotics to take from Day 8 of your chemotherapy cycle (the time when your white blood cells are at their lowest). If your white cell count has not recovered by the time you are due for your next cycle you may be prescribed a white cell booster (growth factor). The most commonly used in the UK are Neupogen or Neulasta. Alternately your chemotherapy could be delayed and the dose reduced although this may affect its effectiveness.